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STOCKS AND SHARES
What are shares ?
A share in a business is a part ownership , if you own a full company
you are probably the directory or sole proprietor and have complete
control over decision making , and make all the money . To raise
finance and possibily expand in size a company will often issue
a number of shares - they effectively sell you a portion of the
company , you then make or lose money and make the decisions jointly
with other shareholders .
How to buy shares ?
You can buy individual stocks from all the major companies - from
British Gas to ASDA Sainsburys and Tesco via an independent broker
who deals direct (or via a brokerage) with the stock exchange .
Perhaps the easiest and one of the safest ways are via the hgh street
banks , but expect to pay high commission fees compared to some
of the small brokers . If dealing with a smaller stock broker ensure
they are IFA registered .
Risks ?
You share all the risk of the company , so a bad performer - or
one that goes bust could lose you all your money . Also the overal
stock indices can plummet for various reasons (but usually recover)
, such as for political reasons - on 16th Dec 1992 the UK Conservatives
pulled the Pound from the ERM (European Exchange Rate Mechanism)
Black Wednesday resulting in huge devaluation of pound sterling
currency , trading losses and a near collapse of the UK stock market
. Millions of pounds were wiped out over night on shares - this
was the time to buy ! just before the stock market bounced ...
Black Monday Oct19 1987 was a world stock market crash - the Dow
Jones Industrial Average collapsed and stock markets all over the
world all plummeted , no one has given a prcise reason as to why
this occured , (the stock market can react to a huge number of events
- news - politics or even weather so underlying causes are ofeten
hard to predict) .
In general though it can be said the trend is always upwards on
the averaged stock market graphs - and have historically always
out perfomed safe investments many time over - it is for this reason
investors should consider investing for several years atleast ,
and not necessarily react to the occasional dip in the trend .
Which Shares ?
Safe shares include all the big companies - particularly those
that are performing well such as Tesco shares Sainsburys and large
corporations in the developed nations of the west . The safest shares
will usually yield far less returns though than some of the risker
shares like startup companies - and overseas shares - the far east
- China stock exchange is one to look out for !
During the early 90s there was the so-called Dot Com Boom when
a huge number of new internet companies were floated on the London
and New York stock exchanges , many offering technologies related
to the new world of the internet , many of these brought huge rewards
to their investors - if you can spot an emerging market it can be
very fruitful , but beware shares can be over valued ! Many of these
technology companies lost lots of money later on when the "dot
com bubble" burst - so it was not good news for investors who
purchased stocks later on in the cycle - The trick is to jump in
quick - wait for an emerging market , or take advantage of a Black
Wedenesday . China is set to become a 1st world super power in the
next 20-30 years , this could be the next gem !
Income From Shares
Capital growth - All shares appreciate or depreciate - according
to profitability of the company you have invested in . Some companies
offer offer a share of profits by iissuing a regular payment to
their shareholders called a dividend . Dividends usually take the
form of cash but can be delivered as more shares - dividend paying
companies can be particulalry atractive if you need an immediate
income from your investment - perhaps you are retiring and want
a risky investment .
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